From: Analysis of the Load-Stress Response Characteristics of the Bogie Frame in Intercity Electric Multiple Unit
i
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
c i
0.02
0.22
0.12
0.2
0.01
0.004
0.002
β i
12.42
18.51
43.29
− 462.01
− 3.03
− 44.23
− 0.14
− 0.37