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Table 2 Chemical and physical properties of gases used in pulsed current NG-GMAW

From: Effects of Active Gases on Droplet Transfer and Weld Morphology in Pulsed-Current NG-GMAW of Mild Steel

Shielding gas

Density at 15 ℃

1 bar (kg/m3)

Dissociation energy (eV/molecule)

First ionization energy (eV/molecule)

Chemical activity

Ar

1.669

0

15.8

Inert

CO2

1.849

4.3

14.4

Oxidizing

O2

1.337

5.1

13.6

Oxidizing