From: Effects of Active Gases on Droplet Transfer and Weld Morphology in Pulsed-Current NG-GMAW of Mild Steel
Shielding gas
Density at 15 ℃
1 bar (kg/m3)
Dissociation energy (eV/molecule)
First ionization energy (eV/molecule)
Chemical activity
Ar
1.669
0
15.8
Inert
CO2
1.849
4.3
14.4
Oxidizing
O2
1.337
5.1
13.6