Table 2 Material parameters of the proposed transducer prototype

Density (kg/m³)

7750

7850

Young’s modulus (GPa)

190

\(\left( {\begin{array}{*{20}c} {152} & {891} & {855} & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ {891} & {152} & {855} & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ {855} & {855} & {131} & 0 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & {316} & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & {283} & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & 0 & {283} \\ \end{array} } \right)\)

Poisson’ ratio

0.31

/

Piezoelectric constant (C/m²)

/

\(\left( {\begin{array}{*{20}c} 0 & 0 & { - 4.44} \\ 0 & 0 & { - 4.44} \\ 0 & 0 & {14.78} \\ 0 & {11.01} & 0 \\ {11.01} & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & 0 \\ \end{array} } \right)\)