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Table 3 Summary of diffusible hydrogen content in samples prepared by underwater laser/arc welding/cladding techniques

From: Underwater Laser Welding/Cladding for High-performance Repair of Marine Metal Materials: A Review

Material

Processing condition

Water depth (m)

Hydrogen content (mL/100 g)

Ref.

316L SS

Repaired by In-air DMD

0

1.286

*

 

Repaired by ULDMD

1

2.051

*

HSLA-100

Repaired by ULDMD

0.02

0.562

[46]

 

Repaired by ULDMD

0.08

0.337

[46]

 

Repaired by ULDMD

0.15

0.618

[46]

 

Repaired by ULDMD

1

1.685

*

ER308L

Underwater local dry laser cladding

–

0.5

[38]

HSLA S355

Underwater local dry arc welding

–

5-21

[52]

S235JRG2

Underwater wet welding

–

45.90-87.40

[56]

S235JR

Underwater wet welding

0.2

25.85-44.12

[57]

E40

Underwater wet welding

0.5

18.6-24.5

[58]

E40

Underwater wet welding

150

66.3

[59]

E40

In-air flux-cored arc welding

0

<15

[59]

IIW Standard

Welding

–

< 5

[38]

Ti-6Al-4V

Repaired by In-air DMD

0

0.0066% (wt.%)

[49]

 

Repaired by ULDMD

0.055

0.0095% (wt.%)

[49]

 

AMS 4911L standard

–

0.015% (wt.%)

[60]

  1. Note: The symbol * represents that the data were obtained by the authors