Table 2 Fracture toughness of soft biological tissue
From: Recent Advances in Soft Biological Tissue Manipulating Technologies
Material | (Cutting) Fracture toughness (J/m2) | Measuring method | Refs. |
|---|---|---|---|
Porcine liver | 76‒185 | Inserted with a needle | [44] |
Porcine liver | 187‒225 | Cutting with a blade | [30] |
Porcine liver | 164 ± 6 | Inserted with a needle | [70] |
Porcine skin | 17100 | Trouser tear tests | [66] |
Porcine skin | 1136 | Inserted with a needle | [71] |
Porcine skin | 20400 | Trouser tear tests | [5] |
30400 | Single edge notched test | ||
Chicken skin | 2800 | Cutting with a scissor | [35] |
Rat skin | 1700 | Cutting with a scissor | [72] |
Rat skin | 13700±2290 (Circumferential) | Uniaxial tensile test | [68] |
22600±1840 (Longitudinal) | |||
Porcine descending aortas | 1700 | Trouser tear tests | [73] |
Porcine muscle | 550‒8000 | Single edge notched test | [74] |
Porcine adipose | 4100 | Trouser tear tests | [71] |
Human amniotic membranes | 960 ± 110 ~ 1830 ± 180 | Uniaxial tensile test and single edge notched test | [75] |
Porcine aorta | 290 ± 110 | Cutting with a blade | [13] |
Porcine cornea | 3390 ± 570 ~ 5400 ± 480 | Trouser tear tests | [76] |
Articular cartilage | 140‒1200 | Modified single edge notched test | [77] |
Porcine lamina propria | 266.1 ± 72.6 (Coronal location 1) 451.1 ± 87.9 (Coronal location 2) 333.9 ± 82.4 (Coronal location 3) 169.4 ± 30.1 (Transverse location) | Cutting with a blade | [78] |