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Table 3 Prediction performance of the normal digging resistance at different noise levels

From: Novel Hybrid Physics-Informed Deep Neural Network for Dynamic Load Prediction of Electric Cable Shovel

Noise levels

Metrics

RMSEĂ— (103)

MAE Ă— (103)

R2

0

17.21

12.08

0.99

5%

17.31

12.14

0.99

10%

23.65

19.00

0.99

15%

29.52

23.89

0.98

20%

45.24

31.64

0.96

25%

49.60

35.02

0.94