A Review of Point Feature Based Medical Image Registration

Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering

Table 4 Optimizers used in PSM-based medical image registration

Classification	Reference	Optimization
Unconstrained nonlinear optimizer	[8, 21]	Gradient descent
	[18, 40]	Non-linear least squares optimizer (NLS)
	[19, 20]	Powell-Brent optimizer
	[22, 27] [61]	Broyden–Fletcher–Goldfarb–Shanno (BFGS) optimizer
	[29, 36]	Downhill simplex algorithm
	[33]	Levenberg-Marquardt (LM)
	[38]	Gauss-Newton framework
	[17]	Nelder–Mead optimizer
Statistical optimization model	[25, 35] [71]	Expectation-maximization (EM)
	[34]	Minimum description length (MDL)
	[42]	Barnes-Hut algorithm
	[67]	Support vector machine (SVM)