From: Structural Stress–Fatigue Life Curve Improvement of Spot Welding Based on Quasi-Newton Method
DEFXY
DEFZ
DEMXY
1.84 × 10−5
3.49 × 10−5
0.13
TEFXY
TEFZ
TEMXY
2.3 × 10−4
1.5 × 10−4
2 × 10−4