Table 1 Characteristics of different photonic crystal preparation methods
From: Research Progress in Preparation and Application of Photonic Crystals
Method | Preparation process | Advantage | Shortcoming | Machinable material |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Self-assembly technology | Under the interaction of noncovalent bonds, the basic structural units spontaneously organize or aggregate into a stable structure with a certain regular geometric appearance | Orderly arrangement of molecules and high film-forming efficiency | Limited number of self-assembly layers | High polymer |
Electron beam evaporation coating technology | The electron gun filament emits hot electrons after being heated and is accelerated by the anode. The kinetic energy is bombarded on the evaporation material, which converts the kinetic energy into heat, and the evaporation material is heated and vaporized, and the electron beam evaporation coating is realized. | Enhance the precision and adhesion of the film | The cost is relatively high. There may be electron flux loss or orbital shift. At the same time, it may affect the quality of the whole | Si, Ge, W, Al, Ni, Ti, Au, Pd, C, Ga, Fe, Mo, Cr, Ta, In, Cu, Ag, SiO2, Al2O3 etc. |
Chemical vapor deposition technology | (1) To form volatile substances; (2) To transfer the above substances to the deposition area; (3) To produce chemical reaction on the solid and solid substances. | Simple, more suitable for the preparation of complex photonic crystal structure | Low preparation efficiency and easy to pollute the environment | Vaporizable, high temperature resistant inorganic materials, especially metal elements |
Femtosecond laser two-photon Technology | Two laser photons are absorbed simultaneously by liquid polymer in a very short time to produce photopolymerization | 3D direct writing of any complex structure, no mask, processing resolution can break the optical diffraction limit | The processing efficiency is low, which cannot meet the processing requirements of large area or batch production; moreover, if some specific complicated structures are completed, some expensive equipment is also needed | Organic resin |
Multiple technology combinations | The combination of various technologies to prepare photonic crystals | High accuracy | Operation is complex, time-consuming and expensive | According to the application preparation technology |