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Table 8 Common nanoparticles

From: Vegetable Oil-Based Nanolubricants in Machining: From Physicochemical Properties to Application

Classification

Nanoparticles

Carbon and its derivatives

Graphene, Diamond, Single wall carbon nanotube, Multi wall carbon nanotube, Single-layer carbon nanotube, Multilayer carbon nanotube

Nano metal element

Sn, Fe, Bi, Cu, Ag, Ti, Ni, Co, Pd, Au

Nano oxide

TiO2, Al2O3, ZnO, CuO, AlOOH, Fe3O4

Nano disulfide

WS2, CuS, MoS2, NiMoO2S2

Nanometer rare earth compounds

LaF3, CeO2, La(OH)3, Y2O3, CeBO3

Nanocomposites

Cu/SiO2, Cu/graphene oxide, Al2O3/SiO2, Serpentine/La(OH)3, Al2O3/TiO2

Other

CaCO3, ZnAl2O4, Zeolite, ZrP, SiO2, PTFE, Hydroxide, BN, Serpentine